Effects of dietary supplementation with lysine and thiazolidinedione on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and meat quality in finishing pigs
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摘要:目的
研究日粮添加赖氨酸(Lysine, Lys)和盐酸吡格列酮(Thiazolidinedione, TZD)对肥育猪生产性能、血清生化指标及肉品质的影响。
方法选用160头体质量均一[体质量=(92.25±0.91) kg]、健康的杜×长×大三元杂肥育猪，随机分成4个处理，每个处理5个重复，每个重复8头猪(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮[w (Lys)为0.85%]，试验组Ⅰ为基础日粮+15 mg·kg–1 TZD，试验组Ⅱ为基础日粮+w为0.20% Lys+15 mg·kg–1 TZD，试验组 Ⅲ 为基础日粮+w为0.40% Lys+15 mg·kg–1 TZD。试验结束后从对照组和试验组 Ⅲ 每重复选取1头公猪进行屠宰，评定其屠宰性能及肉品质。
结果与对照组相比，在第28天，试验组 Ⅲ 日增质量提高9.45% (P=0.055)；在第14天，试验组 Ⅲ 血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于对照组，提高了22.81% (P<0.05)；在第28天，试验组 Ⅲ 瘦肉率及背最长肌肉色红度(a* 值)均显著高于对照组，分别提高了7.04%和4.11% (P<0.05)。
结论日粮添加Lys质量分数为0.40%(总Lys质量分数为1.25%)和15 mg·kg–1的TZD可增加肥育猪的日增质量和瘦肉率，并改善肌肉的红度。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo determine the effects of dietary supplementation with lysine (Lys) and thiazolidinedione(TZD) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and meat quality in finishing pigs.
MethodA total of 160 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Large White pigs with similar weight [(92.25±0.91) kg] were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates in each group and eight pigs per replicate (50% males and 50% females). Control group was fed with basic diet (containing 0.85% Lys), experimental group Ⅰ was fed with basic diet and 15 mg·kg–1 TZD, experimental group Ⅱ was fed with basic diet, extra 0.20% Lys and 15 mg·kg–1 TZD, experimental group Ⅲ was fed with basic diet, extra 0.40% Lys and 15 mg·kg–1 TZD. After feeding experiment, the slaughter performance and meat quality were evaluated by selecting one hog from each replicate of the control group and experimental group Ⅲ.
ResultThe average daily gain (ADG) enhanced 9.45% in experimental group Ⅲ on day 28 compared with control group (P=0.055). The high-density lipoprotein content in experimental group Ⅲ was 22.81% higher than that in control group (P<0.05) on day 14. The lean percentage anda* value of longissimus dorsi muscle in experimental group Ⅲ were 7.04% and 4.11% higher compared to control group (P<0.05) on day 28, respectively.
ConclusionFinishing pigs fed with basic diet supplemented with 0.40% Lys (totally 1.25% Lys) and 15 mg·kg–1 TZD could increase ADG and lean percentage, and improve meat colour.
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Keywords:
- lysine /
- TZD /
- finishing pig /
- growth performance /
- slaughter performance /
- meat quality
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表 1 基础日粮饲料配方及营养组成(风干质基础)
Table 1 Ingredient and nutrient composition of basic diet (DM basis)
饲料原料组成及质量分数/% 营养成分及质量分数2)/% 消化能/(MJ·kg-1) 玉米 豆粕 麸皮 预混料1) 粗蛋白质 总钙 总磷 赖氨酸 蛋氨酸+胱氨酸 61.00 22.00 13.00 4.00 16.77 0.52 0.54 0.85 0.54 13.13 1)预混料为每千克全价料提供：维生素 A 88 000 IU，维生素 D3 9 500 IU，维生素 E 360 IU，维生素 B2 120 mg，氯化胆碱 450 mg，锰 500 mg，锌 2 300 mg，铜 300 mg，铁 2 500 mg，质量分数为 7.5% 的氯化钠；2)赖氨酸为实测值，其余均为计算值。 
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表 2 日粮添加赖氨酸和TZD对肥育猪生产性能的影响1)
Table 2 Effects of lysine and thiazolidinedione on growth performance of finishing pigs
组别 日采食量/g 日增质量/g 料重比/(g·g–1) 0~14 d 0~28 d 0~14 d 0~28 d 0~14 d 0~28 d 对照组 2 993.7±124.2 2 918.7±97.7 898.1±36.6 792.2±19.3B 3.35±0.17 3.62±0.09A 试验组Ⅰ 3 015.4±131.4 2 909.5±143.6 955.8±56.8 822.1±34.8AB 3.18±0.15 3.31±0.08B 试验组Ⅱ 3 162.5±124.0 2 928.3±120.2 926.9±55.1 827.0±22.1AB 3.43±0.13 3.53±0.17AB 试验组Ⅲ 3 227.7±92.8 3 085.8±76.9 1 034.6±78.1 867.1±24.0A 3.17±0.19 3.54±0.07AB 1)同列数据后凡有一个相同大写字母或未标注字母者，表示无差异显著的趋势 (P>0.10，Duncan’s 法)。
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表 3 日粮添加赖氨酸和TZD对肥育猪血清生化指标的影响1)
Table 3 Effects of lysine and thiazolidinedione on serum chemical parameters of finishing pigs
mmol·L–1 组别 尿素 甘油三酯 高密度脂蛋白 低密度脂蛋白 血葡萄糖 对照组 4.99±0.14 0.35±0.03 0.57±0.03b 1.19±0.05 3.12±0.15 试验组Ⅰ 4.88±0.26 0.37±0.03 0.64±0.04a 1.07±0.05 3.20±0.23 试验组Ⅱ 4.34±0.44 0.32±0.02 0.62±0.06a 1.11±0.08 3.08±0.24 试验组Ⅲ 4.53±0.31 0.37±0.02 0.70±0.04a 1.17±0.05 3.52±0.16 1)同列数据后凡有一个相同小写字母或未标注字母者，表示差异不显著 (P>0.05，Duncan’s 法)。
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表 4 日粮添加赖氨酸和TZD对公猪屠宰性能的影响1)
Table 4 Effects of lysine and thiazolidinedione on slaughter performance of hogs
组别 活质量/
kg胴体质量/
kg屠宰率/
%胴体长/
cm皮厚/
mm背膘厚/
mm瘦肉率/
%皮质量率/
%骨质量率/
%脂肪率/
%对照组 114.3±6.2 85.1±4.9 74.3±0.7 93.6±2.5 3.0±0.3 24.8±2.9 54.9±0.8b 6.7±0.3 9.2±0.4 27.0±2.1 试验组Ⅲ 115.0±2.4 87.2±2.6 76.0±1.6 91.0±1.3 2.9±0.2 22.3±2.9 58.7±1.2a 5.9±0.2 9.3±0.4 25.3±2.3 1)同列数据后凡有一个相同小写字母或未标注字母者，表示差异不显著 (P>0.05，t 检验)。
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表 5 日粮添加赖氨酸和TZD对公猪背最长肌肉品质的影响1)
Table 5 Effects of lysine and thiazolidinedione on meat quality traits of longissimus dorsi muscles in hogs
组别 pH45 min pH24 h 滴水损失/% 蒸煮损失/% 肉色指标 大理石纹 L* a* b* 对照组 6.47±0.11 5.48±0.03 2.28±0.07 18.00±2.37b 46.91±0.43 16.06±0.13b 1.88±0.19 2.60±0.15 试验组Ⅲ 6.44±0.09 5.47±0.06 2.41±0.04 29.85±0.58a 46.45±0.84 16.72±0.17a 1.96±0.25 2.93±0.47 1)同列数据后凡有一个相同小写字母或未标注字母者，表示差异不显著 (P>0.05，t 检验)。
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