Microstructures and properties of porous filter parts ofselective laser melted 316L stainless steel
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摘要:目的
揭示选区激光熔化316L不锈钢粉末成型多孔过滤零件的成型规律和机理。
方法试验设计孔洞尺寸为1 mm的圆形、正方形多孔316L不锈钢过滤零件，采用选区激光熔化方法进行成型，选用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等手段对其组织特征和性能进行分析检测，采用显微硬度计测量其显微硬度。
结果获得了无气孔、裂纹、偏析等缺陷, 且致密度达到95%的成型组织。组织内部主要由垂直于界面呈现外延生长的树枝晶组成，所得组织分层均匀，各层间呈冶金结合，定向凝固特征明显。
结论多孔过滤零件成型件由奥氏体组成，显微硬度为：258~294 HV0.3。采用选区激光熔化方法可以成型孔洞尺寸较小的过滤零件。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo reveal the formation patterns and mechanisms of selective laser melted 316L stainless steel porous filter parts.
MethodBoth cubical and cylindrical 316L stainless steel porous filter parts with 1 mm pore size were designed and formed by selective laser melting (SLM). Microstructures and properties of these filter parts were investigated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Micro hardness of the parts was measured using microhardness tester.
ResultThe formed filter parts were obtained with 95% density and without defects such as pore, crack and segregation. The intra-structure was mainly composed of dendrite crystals which were vertical to the interface and grew along the epitaxy. The microstructure obtained had even layers which were metallurgically bonded. There was clear evidence of directional solidification for the formed parts.
ConclusionThe formed parts are composed of austenite, and microhardness ranges from 258 to 294 HV0.3. SLM can be used in prototyping filter parts with relatively small pore size.
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图 2 选区激光熔化316L不锈钢形貌
Figure 2. Microstructure of 316L stainless steel formed by SLM under low and high power microscopes
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图 4 选区激光熔化316L不锈钢X衍射
Figure 4. X-ray diffraction of 316L stainless steel formed with SLM
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